It all starts with good communication with your customer. Start by listening that leads to understanding. Be clear and concise when speaking. To make sure you`re hearing someone correctly, summarize what you heard in response. Practicing all of these skills ensures that you`re always on the same page as your client. First, HUD manages the aforementioned studies, in which they send pairs of buyer and tenant tests to cities across the U.S. to measure how well they`re treated. This is one of the ways they are trying to hold the real estate industry accountable. (While arguably if studies helped enforce anti-discrimination practices, we would likely get better results after doing them for decades.) Although the laws have changed, the demographics of these neighborhoods have remained the same. There are many sociological theories and federal laws that may partly explain why this happened. However, there is one main behavior that explains part of this problem: racial piloting.

Okay, so we know that governance is ongoing, it`s widespread, and it`s contributing to neighborhood segregation in the American neighborhood. But how does governance really affect marginalized buyers in the United States? Governance is illegal under the Fair Housing Act (more on that later). Realtors are committed to providing the same professional service to all home buyers, regardless of race, religion, color, disability, national origin, sex, or marital status. Control in real estate is one of the ethical issues that arise during the career of a real estate agent. Whether it`s understanding the topic to pass the state exam or identifying it in the world, knowing what governance is will help a better and more ethical real estate agent. According to the National Fair Housing Alliance, «racial and ethnic inequalities in access to credit, worsening effects of the subprime credit crisis and foreclosures, and modern practices of discrimination, racial governance, and redlining have perpetuated racial segregation.» Obviously, we can see that the information you gave Bob was different from the information you gave Bill. simply because Bill has children. This can also apply to any other protected category, such as if Bob was black and Bill was white, or if Bob was 25 and Bill was 68. Since the late 1970s, the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) has been studying control by sending pairs of trial buyers to cities across the United States to measure how they are treated by agents. In the real estate world, «taxes» are when an agent or broker attempts to direct a buyer to or from a particular area or neighborhood because of their race or religion. This practice is discriminatory and constitutes a violation of rights. The reason is that the discrimination is illegal, unethical and racist.

Control in real estate refers to an agent directing potential buyers into neighborhoods as a discriminatory measure based on the buyer`s race, religion, or other demographics. In the United States, there is a history of segregation based on race or ethnicity. Property management occurs when a real estate agent influences a client`s decisions based on one of the characteristics outlined in the Fair Housing Act – things such as race, religion, gender, disability, marital status or nationality.1 It is generally believed that this affects home buyers more often than sellers because an agent might direct or «direct» them to or from certain communities due to prejudice. But a seller could also be «oriented» in reviewing offers or potential buyers due to bias. U.S. lawmakers have condemned and declared unconstitutional the practice of governance in the Fair Housing Act. This essential federal law was created in 1968. It prohibits discrimination in the purchase, sale, rental or financing of housing, whether private or public, on the basis of race, colour, sex, nationality or religion. At the same time, it sanctioned the right of all U.S. citizens to move wherever they want. In short, all weapons were directed against racial control. They interviewed 45 real estate agents in New York State and did not disclose the names of the agents.

Some agents have admitted to vetting customers, saying that`s what buyers and sellers want. As part of their profession, residential real estate agents guide their clients to the homes that they believe best suit their clients` tastes and needs. Consciously or unconsciously, the agent`s biases can affect the areas and neighborhoods he deems appropriate for his client. Unfortunately, they may «direct» their clients to neighbourhoods or areas that they deem appropriate for their client because of their ethnicity or identity as members of another minority group. An agent for the study said that in some Brooklyn neighborhoods, homeowners «don`t want to sell» to black buyers, and «it`s not really worth pushing.» Another Buffalo officer alluded to «self-segregation» in the city, saying, «I don`t impose my opinion on neighborhoods, but if someone tells me what they want, I think I can help them make choices about where to look.» Recent research by the American Center for Progress has found that «past and present racial bias and discriminatory practices in real estate markets» such as redlining, governance, variations in valuation methods, and evaluators` racialized perceptions of neighborhoods «contribute to reducing demand for housing in African-American neighborhoods. in.

This word is part of the content of our premium dictionary version. This content includes thousands of difficult, technical and specially used words and phrases, including their translations, synonyms and definitions. We have to explain that this free bilingual online dictionary contains all our products, which you can find on our product page. You`ll find that this is the most comprehensive bidirectional bilingual English-Spanish dictionary on the internet, displaying not only direct translations, but also synonyms, full definitions, fixed sentences, idioms, proverbs, usage examples, famous quotes, and compound entries, all related to your introductory word. In addition, it offers English and Spanish pronunciation, syllable separation and grammatical attributes. It also accepts conjugated verbs and Spanish feminine and plural forms as valid entries. Take a look at what you can get for upgrading to our premium dictionary for a very low cost. Click here for a preview of the premium dictionary The Language Level icon displays the proficiency of the languages it is interested in. By setting your language level, you can give other users answers that are neither too complex nor too simple. Can ask simple questions and understand simple answers. Keep it short and sweet Store excessively long and pompous notes for emails.

As for Mabel, she was one of those pompous, clingy girls, and she was just as impressed with the shebang as her father. If you`re sending someone a gift, they`re more likely to answer your questions again! Show your appreciation in a way that tastes and timbres cannot. Welcome to the trial version of our premium online dictionary. You now have limited access to our comprehensive dictionary engine. Enjoy! To take full advantage of the dictionary feature, sign up for our premium online dictionary. I sold forty thousand a month; I believe Gushy never accomplished; And so they dissolved parliament. To become a member, please subscribe to our service by clicking below: Has difficulty understanding even short answers in this language. The email address you entered is invalid. Please enter a valid email address such as [email protected]. Thank you for signing up for the free trial. Please check your emails and click the confirmation link to start your trial. «Gushy is not in company,» Mr.

Seymour Hiccup said in a solemn tone of contemptuous pity. If you post a question after sending someone a gift, your question will appear in a special section of that person`s feed. An error occurred while trying to connect. Make sure you have an active account with us. A pompous and laughing young party that is Marion, but it turns out to be a considerable help. And Gushy looks kindly at this world of hypocrisy and plunder. It is true that Berman`s view on his subject is commendable, even pompous.

Pretty good for «a cross between an Astley cart, a flying machine and a conveyor belt.» These Eskimos loved hang gliding, for its own good, without any reference to utility! Tasha, for example, was trained to detect air odors, but didn`t succeed brilliantly right away – the winds were strong and against the wind of the «victim» she was supposed to recognize. (The Montrose Press) The latest round of testing ended last week, and virtually every major player on Wall Street passed hands down. The ships meet scientific and cultural needs as well as the transport of goods, used in diplomacy and war. In the past, without the use of modern communication devices, the appearance of a ship on its immediate return to port could indicate how the crew behaved at sea. Ships that have been victorious in their efforts – e.g. An encounter with an enemy ship[2] – sailed through the harbor with the flags of the mastheads. [3] A defeated ship, on the other hand, would be forced to «fly its colors» or lower its flags, which means defeat. This practice was particularly relevant in the Age of Discovery, and before the 18th century, the expression[2][3] was used exclusively as a nautical term. [4] Later, it was used in the vernacular to signify any kind of triumph.

Another expression «sink hands down» or «sink brilliantly»[5] recalls a determined crew who fought even until their ship sank. As a proverb, it means that someone has failed at something, despite trying very hard. [6] A variation of this phrase is «nail your colours to the pole» and means that someone has done something to irrevocably engage in a task or question; By literally nailing flags to the post, flags cannot be removed to signal defeat. [4] [5] «Flying Colors». Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/flying%20colors. Retrieved 9 December 2022. The «flying pilot» was probably the much less experienced co-pilot. The opposition will try to delay the passage of the law, but this will probably happen with flying colours because the governing coalition still has a majority. (Bloomberg News) Here are my hard-earned tips to get your car done right.

(USA Today) To succeed hands down means to be very successful, to achieve something difficult to excel. The phrase is also sometimes pronounced as passed brilliantly or rendered brilliantly. The expression pass hands down comes from a nautical custom. The colors of a ship are its flags. A ship that was victorious or successful in the trade would enter port with flags fully unfolded and pass with flying colors. A defeated or unsuccessful ship would strike its colours or remove its flags. The term Flying Colors has been used since the early 1700s to achieve a kind of triumph, and the phrase pass brilliantly has been used since the late 1800s. Related sentences are passes with brilliance, passed brilliantly, passed brilliantly. The sentence passes brilliantly is a sentence. We will examine the meaning of the sentence as it passed brilliantly, where it comes from and some examples of its use in sentences. The word «colours» is a common way of describing the flags and insignia of military units.

[5] Flags or insignia may be called colors in non-military contexts to express patriotism and nationality; Other examples of expressions are «true colors» or «show color.» [5] Flying Colours, of course, refers to the position of the unfurled flags[7] on the imprint, and the variants stand out. [8] or adopted. simply means having returned from the sea or having entered the port. «With flying sharp» is a popular English idiom used to describe how well someone has accomplished a task. For example, a common use of the term is to refer to someone who passed a test or other exam «with flying colours», that is, who passed the test easily or with an exceptionally high score. The term dates back to the Age of Discovery, when ships returned to port with their flags («colors») raised or lowered to indicate that the ship was either successful or defeated, with flags raised indicating success and flags lowered indicating defeat. Thus, «brilliantly» literally means that someone has completed a task, although it idiomatically means a special success in that task. Start your free trial today and get unlimited access to America`s largest dictionary with: You must – there are over 200,000 words in our free online dictionary, but you`re looking for one that`s only included in the full Merriam-Webster dictionary. According to the general judgment, she was as successful in oil as in watercolor.

Mrs. Woodbury paints in oil and watercolor; These are genre scenes, including several Dutch themes.

Now that Greene is in Congress, the GOP`s situation continues to spiral out of control, with a steady stream of revelations about his extreme views and advocacy for fringe causes and baseless claims. According to another legend, equally unfounded, it was housed on the second and third floors of the Beauchamp Tower. He warned senior party officials that she had made several dangerous and baseless claims and would tear up the GOP if she won. And revolutionary courts often convict journalists and sentence them to prison for these baseless charges. As absurdly baseless as it was, he found believers in ancient times among men of culture and intellectual power. The baseless allegations damaged Dominion`s reputation and operations, the company said in its lawsuit against Giuliani. The army and its deputy have since alleged electoral fraud, says the electoral commission, which has been dismissed as unfounded. He gave her flower after flower in this baseless morning dream, which ended too quickly. But in federal court, if you pursue an «objectively unfounded» claim, you can be sanctioned by the court (PDF) under Rule 11. These unfounded non-attitudes or opinions can distance the data from a position of reliability or utility. If something is unfounded, it cannot be proven or justified. An unfounded accusation of fraud, for example, has no facts or evidence to support it.

Dr. Palfrey`s language presents all these claims and procedures as baseless and childish. Greene was criticized for championing baseless conspiracy theories during her campaign, but her corner of Georgia is Republican 3-to-1. But I remain in jail for these baseless charges pending the opportunity to prove my innocence. Unsubstantiated facts in a research paper have no sources – they may simply come from the author`s own imagination. A baseless claim is when one person accuses another of doing something wrong without having solid evidence or reason for the accusation. The feeling of the base, from which comes without reason, is «foundation», from the Greek base, «walk or base». Can the tabloids` misogynistic and baseless narratives go out of fashion? All this was unreal, as unreal as the baseless fabric of a dream; And yet, it was real, miraculously real.

In Ontario, paralegals are licensed by the Law Society of Ontario. [13] Ontario, along with Washington State, is the only jurisdiction in the Western Hemisphere where paralegals are licensed and the profession of clerk is regulated. Licensed paralegals operate in a defined area of practice, representing clients in matters such as provincial offences (speeding tickets, etc.), immigration, landlord-tenant disputes, labour law, small claims court (up to $35,000) and specific criminal matters. You are currently not allowed to represent clients in family court or wills. By virtue of their office, licensed paralegals are commissioners responsible for taking affidavits (oaths of oath). In the United States, the American Bar Association (ABA) endorsed the paralegal concept in 1967 and established its first legal assistant committee in 1968. Ontario recently became the first jurisdiction in North America to license independent paralegals. This task fell to the Law Society of Ontario (founded in 1797), which already regulated Ontario`s approximately 40,000 lawyers. Aspiring paralegals must complete an accredited training program and pass an entry-to-practice examination. The Society will also be responsible for disciplining paralegals who fail to comply with the Code of Professional Conduct known as the Paralegal Rules of Professional Conduct.

The American Association for Paralegal Education defines paralegal as: Paralegals exist precisely because they are not lawyers and can therefore do the work at a lower cost. [7] In addition to expertise, the main restrictions on the work a paralegal may or may not do tend to be local by-laws that reserve certain activities for lawyers (i.e., give a monopoly). Some jurisdictions have a list of reserved activities. A paralegal is the legal professional who conducts proceedings autonomously or semi-autonomously within the framework of a legal aid system, performing tasks that require an understanding of the legislation for its proper execution. They also intervene in the assistance or assistance of professionals in the legal field of advisory or judicial litigation. The labor market is vast, including consulting firms, companies that have legal services or conduct regulatory compliance activities, such as: environment, labor, controlled products, product registration, trademarks and patents, taxes, tenders, among others. Law firms and public institutions also have many paralegals in support activities, although they do not yet use the correct name of the profession. Harvey Birdman: Attorney at Law, an esoteric cartoon comedy, features a paralegal in the form of Avenger, Harvey Birdman`s eagle, who typically handles cases, prepares and submits documents to lawyers, and writes letters to clients. Avenger usually accompanies the charismatic but often underprepared Birdman to court, whispering information and advice in his ear. Although he does not speak English, he is by far the most knowledgeable employee of Sebben & Sebben. The biggest differences between lawyers and paralegals are that lawyers can provide legal advice, set fees, act as lawyers in court, and sign pleadings (and other court documents) as a representative. A paralegal who attempts to commit any of these acts violates the unauthorized exercise of laws in most U.S.

states. Paralegals are responsible for tasks such as legal writing, research, and other forms of documentation for the lawyers they work for. However, the monopoly of the legal profession in Australia is limited to the right to appear before the courts and the preparation of certain documents as a reward, leaving a wide range of legal tasks open to other workers, including paralegals. However, paralegals are not permitted to practice law or give legal advice. For example, paralegals cannot represent clients in court, make statements or sign briefs. The current definition replaces the one adopted by the Chamber of Deputies in 1997. This updated definition removes the term «legal assistant» to reflect terminology that more accurately represents the type of substantive work performed by paralegals. Paralegals in South Africa are mainly hired by Legal Aid South Africa, large corporations, patent law firms, law firms, real estate agents, government departments, etc. to legally support this business world. Legal assistance may take the form of legal research, investigations/inspectors, legal advice or legal assistance. Certification can be obtained at: Tshwane University of Technology National Diploma in Legal Assistance / Paralegal, University of Johannesburg Diploma in Paralegal, UNISA National Diploma in Law, South African School of Paralegals, Intec College Diploma in Paralegal, South African Law School Qualification in Paralegal, Damelin College Paralegal, Boston City Campus Paralegal Certificate.

Salaries range from R60,000 to R450,000 per year, depending on experience. Newly established law firms in South Africa are likely to hire qualified paralegals with a 3-year qualification in legal studies to provide legal assistance. Although the South African Law Society and the Minister of Justice want to introduce regulations to manage paralegals in South Africa, as in Canada and the United States, many lawyers and practising lawyers have refuted in many cases, but the new legislation is still pending. [ref. needed] Paralegals have not captured the popular imagination and are rarely seen or mentioned in fictional or non-fiction legal television programs or in legal fiction in print form. However, there are exceptions. Pamela Packard, paralegal and member of the American Association for Paralegal Education, articulated the attributes with other experienced Oregon paralegals and Charlotte DesHotels, LSU`s paralegal program coordinator, with input from William Goren and Sally Dahlquist, Inver Hills Community College. USA Network`s «Suits» features a young paralegal named Rachel, played by Meghan Markle, helping a young aspiring lawyer with various research and the like. She is a highly respected member of the firm and is considered an aid to many of its employees.

Rachel`s desire to become a lawyer one day is one of the main stories of the series. As a paralegal, she lives between a lot of appreciation for her hard work and a constant reminder (both to herself and others) that she is not a «real» lawyer after all. Scotland has a separate jurisdiction from the rest of the United Kingdom. The term «paralegal» began in use in the 1980s. There have always been people who did legal work but were not qualified as lawyers, but they would have had other titles such as «legal assistant». Beginning in the early 1990s, the term «paralegal» became more common. The Scottish Paralegals Association was founded in 1993. [22] It is a voluntary organization whose mission is to promote the interests of paralegals in Scotland. From 1991, Scottish colleges began offering paralegal qualifications awarded by the Scottish Qualification Authority, namely the Higher National Diploma and the Certificate in Legal Services. They were offered by the Central College of Commerce, Stevenson College and Dundee College. Thanks to the efforts of the Scottish Paralegal Association and in particular its President Christine Lambie, the Law Society of Scotland, the professional association of lawyers, launched the Law Society of Scotland Registered Paralegal Scheme in 2010.

It was a voluntary program that gave professional status to high-quality paralegals. Approximately 400 paralegals, mostly individuals, who had risen through the ranks in law firms, joined the program. From 2010, the Scottish Qualification Authority and the University of Stirling offered qualifications to individuals wishing to enter the profession of registered paralegal.

Cohors Latin also meant «court». When we break down this word, we get co- («with, together») and a form related to hortus, which means «garden.» It`s not hard to imagine a garden and a courtyard as an enclosed space, like a courtyard. And you know what? These three words – garden, courtyard and courtyard – are all linked. You can recognize hortus in one of its English derivatives: horticulture. The legal power of a court to hear and decide a particular type of case. It is also used as a synonym for jurisdiction, i.e. the geographical area over which the court has territorial jurisdiction to rule on cases. Civil law is firmly rooted in the French and German legal systems. Common law courts were established by the English royal judges of the King`s Council after the Norman invasion of Britain in 1066. [9] The royal judges created a body of law by combining local customs, which were informed by trips and visits to local jurisdictions. [9] This common legal standard became known as the common law. This legal tradition is practiced in the English and American legal systems.

In most civil jurisdictions, the courts operate under an inquisitorial system. In the common law system, most courts follow the adversarial system. Procedural law governs the rules of operation of the courts: civil procedures for private disputes (for example); and criminal prosecution for violations of criminal law. In recent years, international tribunals have been established to resolve issues that do not fall within the jurisdiction of national courts. For example, the International Criminal Court based in The Hague in the Kingdom of the Netherlands or the Permanent Court Lok Adalat (Public Utilities) based in India. The Court of Appeal agrees with the lower court`s decision and upholds it. See affirmative. Party who appeals against the decision of a district court and usually seeks the annulment of that decision. How do the words politeness and courtship relate to courtship? Courtesy («polite behavior»), as well as the adjective polite, comes from French words meaning «manners appropriate to the court of a prince». Fun fact: Curtsy, «a women- and girl-friendly bow of bending the knees and lowering the body,» is a variation of politeness. Written statements submitted to the court outlining a party`s legal or factual allegations about the case. René le Pays, a French poet, died; Known at court for its various.

Some courts, such as the Crown Court in England and Wales, may have both courts of law and courts of appeal. French, which means «on the bench». All the judges of a court of appeal sit together to hear a case, contrary to the usual decision of the three-judge chambers. In the Ninth Judicial Circuit, a bench jury consists of 11 randomly selected judges. Latin, which means «in law». Something that exists by law. Courtyard. Tennis court. Courtyard.

Yard. Politeness. Have you ever noticed that all these words and phrases – and many others – contain judgment in one form or another? This is no coincidence. A court decision in a previous case with facts and points of law similar to a dispute currently pending in court. Judges generally «follow precedents,» that is, they use principles established in previous cases to decide new cases that have similar facts and raise similar legal issues. A judge will disregard precedents if a party can prove that the previous case was ill-decided or that it differs significantly from the current case. Income that is not reasonably necessary for the maintenance of the debtor or dependents. When the debtor is carrying on a business, disposable income is defined as amounts greater than what is needed to pay ordinary operating expenses. On vocations; A court of appeal has the power to review the judgment of a lower court (court of first instance). For example, U.S.

circuit courts of appeal review decisions of U.S. District Courts. A court-recognized mechanism where two or more cases can be managed together. (Assuming there are no conflicts of interest, these separate companies or individuals can pool resources, hire the same professionals, etc.) In the previous section, we noted that the farm ultimately comes from Latin cohorts. One of its meanings was «armed violence» – and originally from a specific location or military camp, as if they were grouped together or locked up. Cohorts, as you may have guessed, are the source of the English cohort. In ancient Rome, a cohort was specifically one of 10 divisions of an ancient Roman legion, numbering between 300 and 600 soldiers. The cohort entered English around 1475-85 and evolved into a more general meaning of «a group or enterprise» and «an employee or accomplice.» A person who is asked by a party to a lawsuit to testify in court or jury. A person or company that files a formal complaint with the court. A pre-trial motion requiring the court to prohibit the other party from presenting or even referring to evidence deemed so prejudicial that no action taken by the judge can prevent the jury from being unduly influenced.

Dispute resolution procedure outside the courtroom. Most alternative dispute resolution methods are non-binding and involve referring the case to a neutral party such as an arbitrator or mediator.

In December 2013, seven new language versions of Brainly were published, including the English (brainly.com), Indonesian (brainly.co.id), Indian (brainly.in), Filipino (brainly.ph),[9] Romanian (brainly.ro) and Italian (brainly.it) pages. Brainly was originally funded by the co-founders, but later raised funds from Point Nine Capital. [10] [11] borrowed from medieval Latin dictiÅnÄrium, name of an alphabetical guide to the Vulgate, earlier dictiÅnÄrius, name of a Latin textbook in which words are grouped by subject (apparently invented by its author, the 13th century English university professor John of Garland), from the Latin dictiån-, dictiÅ «language, word (in grammar), expression» + -Ärius, -Ärium -ary entry 1 â more to diction In January 2011, The company founded Znanija.com, the first international project for Russian speakers. [8] Several other multi-language versions for the following markets were Turkey (eodev.com), Latin America and Spain (brainly.lat) and Brazil (brainly.com.br). Brainly assigns «ranks» to users who provide frequent, high-quality responses. Some ranks are automatically rewarded when they receive a predefined number of points or a predefined number of answers to questions of the highest quality. Users can also apply for «special ranks,» which can be awarded for answering questions in specific areas or for constantly thanking other users. In addition, the website assigns teacher ranks to professional teachers. Poetry is a vast subject, as old as history and ancient, present wherever religion is present, perhaps – according to some definitions – the original and primary form of languages themselves. This article seeks only to describe, as generally as possible, certain characteristics of poetry and poetic thought, which are in a certain sense considered independent modes of mind. Of course, not all local or individual traditions or variants can and should be included, but the article illustrates with examples of poetry between nursery rhyme and epic. This article deals with the difficulty or impossibility of defining poetry; man`s intimate knowledge with him; the differences between poetry and prose; the idea of form in poetry; poetry as a way of thinking; and how little can be said in prose of the spirit of poetry. «Dictionary.» Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dictionary.

Retrieved 14 January 2022. See the full dictionary definition in the English Language Learners Dictionary These sample phrases are automatically selected from various online information sources to reflect the current use of the word «dictionary». The views expressed in the examples do not represent the views of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us your feedback. Britannica.com: Dictionary article on nglish dictionary: translation of a dictionary for Spanish speakers Our team at The Usage has selected the best games for word lovers. Formally, poetry is recognizable by its greater dependence on at least one other parameter, the line, than what appears in the prose composition. This changes the appearance of the page. and it seems clear that people are moving toward this altered appearance and reading poems in a voice very different from their usual voice, perhaps because, as Ben Jonson said, poetry «speaks something with a deadly mouth.» When people are shown poems printed in prose as a test of this description, it usually turns out that they read the result as prose just because it looks like it; That is to say, they are no longer guided in their reading by the balance and the displacement of the line in relation to the breath as well as to the syntax. Get the most reliable and latest definitions of Merriam-Webster. Find word meaning, pronunciation, origin, synonyms and more. Words can take children anywhere, and children`s dictionaries will accompany them on their way, which is a minimal definition, but perhaps not entirely uninformative. Perhaps this is all that needs to be attempted in the form of a definition: poetry is what it is because it resembles it, and it resembles it because it resembles it, and vice versa.

Poetry, literature that evokes a concentrated imaginative awareness of experience or a specific emotional response through a language chosen and arranged according to its meaning, sound and rhythm. Originally called Zadane.pl, the company was founded in Poland in 2009 by Michał Borkowski (current CEO), Tomasz Kraus and Łukasz Haluch. The first million unique users per month was reached within 6 months of publication. [7] Brainly provides a platform for students, parents, and teachers to help others ask questions about their assignments. Students use Brainly to strengthen their skills in subjects such as English, math, science, and social studies. The platform allows them to connect with their peers, subject matter experts and professional educators to discuss their topics and find answers to their questions. Users are asked to provide an explanation and source for the answers they provide. The questions are classified by subject, country and grade level. [25] In March or April 2017, Zadane.pl joined Brainly.

[18] The site will find users who answered the most questions or scored the most points in a number of rankings. The rankings cover periods from daily to quarterly. Are you looking for synonyms and antonyms instead? Research thesaurus Each user receives a fixed number of points upon registration, which are used for questions. Users can earn points by answering questions from others. In 2020, the company saw a rapid increase in the number of users fueled by the global COVID-19 pandemic, from 150 million in 2019 to around 350 million in 2020. [24] Brainly is a Polish educational technology company based in Krakow, Poland, headquartered in New York City. It provides a peer-to-peer learning platform for students, parents, and teachers to ask and answer homework questions. The platform has gamification elements in the form of motivation points and ranks. It encourages users to engage in the online community by answering questions from other users.

As of November 2020, Brainly had 350 million monthly users, making it the most popular educational app in the world. [6] In October 2017, Brainly raised $14 million in the funding round led by Kulczyk Investments. [19] In January 2018, Brainly announced that it had acquired video education startup Bask[20] to bring video technology to the Brainly platform. [21]. 4.18.0 (November 6, 2020; 21 days ago (11/06/2020)[4]) Moderated by a community of volunteers and staff, Brainly uses machine learning algorithms to filter its knowledge base. [26] [27] Moderators are allowed to respond to users who violate the rules, including people who create plagiarism, post spam, or ask review questions. Moderators usually have superior experience supporting others on Brainly. [ref. needed] In October 2014, the Company announced that it had received another round of funding from General Catalyst Partners, Runa Capital and other venture capital firms.

[12] The total investment was $9 million and allowed for further product development and the opening of the U.S. headquarters in New York. [13] [14] Poetry is the other way of using language. Perhaps, in a hypothetical beginning of things, it was the only way to use language, or was simply language at all, prose was the derivative and the younger rival. Poetry and language are fashionably understood as rituals in early agricultural societies; And poetry in particular, it has been claimed, was originally created in the form of magic spells that were recited to ensure a good harvest. Whatever the veracity of this hypothesis, it blurs a useful distinction: by the time there begins to be a distinct class of objects called poems, recognizable as such, these objects are no longer considered for their possible yam-growing properties, and the magic of which they can be held capable. have withdrawn to focus their affairs on the human mind and not directly on the external natural world.

The executive and legislative powers of the Union and the States include the governments of the Union and the Länder, as well as the parliaments and legislators of the States. The President of India and the governors of the states can also be called a «state» as they are part of the executive branch. The term «government» also includes any government department or institution under its control. Examples include the Income Tax Department and the International Institute of Population Sciences. The term «local authorities» as used in the definition refers to municipalities, panchayats or similar authorities that have the power to enact and enforce laws and regulations. The term «other authorities» could refer to any body exercising governmental or sovereign functions. Article 12 therefore defines the State and applies only to Parts 3 and 4 of the Constitution. Article 12 defines 4 authorities as part of the State, Part III of the Constitution contains the Declaration of the Rights of the Indian People. The rights guaranteed are the necessary consequence of the declaration contained in the preamble to the Constitution. In Electricity Board, Rajasthan v.

Mohan Lal, the Supreme Court held that «other authorities» would include all authorities created by the Constitution or law to which powers are delegated by law. It is not necessary for the legal authority to be entrusted with the exercise of public or state functions. Article 12 gives a broad meaning to the term «State» in Article 13, paragraph 2, or to any other provision concerning fundamental rights, has a broad meaning. In P. D. Shamdasani V/s Central Bank of India, the Supreme Court held that section 19(1) and art. 31 (1) contain rights that are available against the state and not against the individual. Definition of State – Article 12 Article 12 defines the term «State» and specifies that, unless the context otherwise requires, the term «State» includes: – (1) The Government and Parliament of India, which are the executive and legislative branches of the Union.

2) The government and legislature of each state. (3) All local or other authorities in the territory of India. 4) All local and other authorities under the control of the Government of India. This means that, according to Article 12, the `State` includes both the executive and legislative bodies of the European Union and the States. It is therefore an act of these institutions that can be challenged before the courts as a violation of fundamental rights. (a) Public authorities – This is a person or body exercising authority in relation to Article 12. The word «authority» means – the power to legislate. Orders, orders, notices, etc. that enforce these laws. (b) Local authorities – «local authority» means an authority legally authorized or entrusted by the Government with the control or management of a local fund.

Therefore, the Dock Labour Board is a local authority.19 But a «gram panchayat» does not fall within the competence of the «local authority». According to section 3 (31) of the General Clauses Act, these include authorities such as municipalities, district councils, panchayats, improvement trusts and mining settlement boards. Case law on local authorities In Calcutta State Transport Corporation v. The West Bengal Supreme Court refused to designate the company as a «local authority». The company is intended solely for the provision of road transport services and has no element of popular representation in its constitution. Its powers and duties are disproportionate to the powers and duties of a municipal committee. It is more in the nature of a commercial company. In Premji Bhai Panwar v.

Delhi Development Authority (DDA), the Delhi Development Authority, a state-owned company, was considered a «local authority» because it was established for the specific purpose of developing Delhi in accordance with the plan, which is generally a municipal function. Mohammad Yasin V/s Town Area Committee The S.C. decided that the statute of the municipal committee, which imposes prescribed fees on the wholesaler, was an order of a state authority that violated Article 19 (1). Those regulations led, in force and in substance, to a complete cessation of the wholesaler`s commercial activities. (c) Other authorities – These are authorities other than those of local self-government, which have the power to promulgate rules, regulations, etc. with the force of law. The term «other authorities» is in itself so broad that it could have covered all authorities created by the Constitution or the State to which power is delegated by law. It is not necessary for the statutory authority to be entrusted with the performance of State or sovereign tasks. The Supreme Court of India has developed a broader and more liberal interpretation of «other authorities» to include all organs or instruments that have not been created by the constitution or a government law. They developed the doctrine of instrumentality. Jurisdiction over other authorities of the University of Madras c/s Santa Bai. Madras H.C.

believed that «other authorities» could not only designate authorities of the same generic nature of Judaism. They could therefore only be authorities exercising State or sovereign functions. It cannot include public authorities or natural or legal persons such as universities, unless it is managed by the State. However, in Ujjammbai v. State of U.P., the Tribunal rejected Madras H.C.`s restrictive interpretation of the term «other authorities» and held that the general rule ejusdem could not be used to interpret that term. In Article 12, the institutions specifically referred to are the Union and State Government and the EU legislature, as well as the States and local authorities. There is no common gender running through these named bodies, nor can these bodies be placed in a single category on a rational basis. Electricity Board Rajastan V/s Mohan Lal In this case, the decision of the Madras High Court in the Santa Bai case was overturned and the university was considered a «state», the Patna High Court is being tried in the case of Umesh Singh v. V.N. Singh after the Supreme Court ruling that «Patna University» is a «state».

The Court in Romana Dayaram Shetti V/s International Airport Authority of India The tests were conducted by P.N. Bhagwati, J. to determine whether a company is a government agency – i) The financial resources of the State are the main source of funding when the entire share capital of the company is held by the government. (ii) Existence of deep and pervasive state control. (iii) Functional character that belongs essentially to the State. (iv) When a ministry is transferred to a company. In SM. IIyar V/s ICAR has decided that the Indian Council for Agricultural Research is a State within the meaning of Article 12 of the Constitution. The CSIR is the State – April 19, 2002, this is an important case. In this Supreme Court, by a majority of 7 to 5, it overturned its previous judgment of 1975 and ruled that the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) is a State within the meaning of Article 12 of the Constitution and that its employees can therefore appeal to the Supreme Courts or the Supreme Court to enforce their fundamental rights to equality.

WHO FALLS UNDER THE JURISDICTION OF OTHER AUTHORITIES? There is no commonality between the different bodies considered to fall within the concept of `other authorities`. The term refers to  instruments or agencies of government and departments. But not all instruments of government are necessarily a «government ministry.» Any type of public authority exercising statutory powers, whether these powers are governmental, semi-public or non-governmental, and whether or not that authority is under the control of the government, and even if it may carry out certain activities in the form of commerce or industry. Authority established by an Act administering a law promulgated by the legislature, including those vested with the obligation to take decisions on its implementation.  A private entity or company  Company registered under the Companies Registration Act  Company established under the State Finance Corporation Act 1951  A non-statutory body that does not exercise statutory powers is not a «State»:  A company  Private entities without statutory powers, that are not supported by a state law. DOES THE TERM «STATE» INCLUDE JUSTICE? In the United States, it is generally accepted that the judiciary falls within the prohibition of the 14th Amendment.42 The judiciary, it is said, should not be explicitly mentioned in Article 12, but should fall under the term «other authorities» because the courts are established by law and exercise the powers conferred by law. The judiciary in India, which was supposed to fall under the term «State», has its origins in Naresh v. State of Maharashtra, which stated that «the judiciary, in the exercise of rule-making powers, is covered by the term State with Article 12, but is not included in the exercise of its judicial functions.» A court can only be prosecuted for violation of fundamental rights until it exercises its administrative function. The moment at which he began his judicial function does not violate any fundamental right and cannot be considered a «State».

STATE AS NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS The Supreme Court ruled by majority that the Cricket Control Board of India (BCCI) is not a «state» or an «authority».

A batter receives a UBI when he hits a base that causes a teammate to reach a score. Even if a batter makes a strikeout, he can be credited with a UBI if there is a run. An RBI is part of what baseball fanatics call an offensive Triple Crown. Along with home runs and batting average, it is used to evaluate and evaluate hitters throughout the season. A UBI is awarded to a hitter whose appearance results in a scoring of runs. As with most baseball rules, there are exceptions. Most importantly, a batter will not receive RBI credit if the inning won is turned into a double play or the result of an error. Yes, the new rules on direct debits will also affect cross-border transactions. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has issued new guidelines for direct debit that card-issuing banks should comply with from October 1, 2021. These new rules will be introduced to regulate recurring payment transactions involving credit cards, debit cards and prepaid instruments. All existing transactions that use customers` bank accounts for purposes such as mutual funds, SIPs, equal monthly loan payments and insurance premiums are not affected by RBI`s new automatic debit rules. RBI designed the new direct debit rules to protect customers from online fraud, especially on third-party platforms where payment fraud is more common. These rules are designed to give customers more control over recurring transactions, increase convenience for customers, and create transparency throughout the process.

Autodebit or auto-credit mandates for recurring payments for subscription renewals on digital service platforms, e-commerce website orders, utility bills, and similar transaction types will likely be affected by RBI`s new auto-debit rules. RBI is important because it shows the performance of the drummer and the team as a whole. Teams look at statistics and consider the probability of a player contributing to a home run based on statistics like RBI. If the payment is successful, customers will be informed in the message after the transaction of the merchant`s name, transaction amount, debit date/time, transaction reference number or electronic money order, and the reason for direct debit. This means that card-issuing banks are now required to send a pre-debit message to inform customers 24 hours before the payment due date. Next, cardholders must approve transactions over INR 15,000 via OTP (One-Time Password) for a successful automatic withdrawal. The most common examples of RBI are run-scoring shots. However, players also receive an RBI for a base-laden walk or field shot. Players can earn UBI when they make outings, provided that the exit results in one or more races (except, as mentioned above, in the case of double games). The hitting position also has a lot to do with the fact that RBI isn`t as useful.

The job of a top hitter is to get to base, but a hitter who is 3rd or 4th is more likely to increase his RBI because the bases can be occupied, so there is more chance of replenishing his RBI. A hitter does not receive an RBI loan if the defensive side makes a mistake. This may involve throwing the ball during a match just to make it run. It also includes a pop bow tie in the outfield. In preparation for the bat, each baseball player has his own warm-up routine. The pre-game warm-up is usually done in an amateur level team and is intended to help the batter get into the right frame of mind to hit the ball. The most notable exercise used is the «tee drill», where you hit a ball from a baseball tee and solve any problems you found in previous games or exercises. [4] There are also various hitting devices used during warm-up in the «circle on deck» to increase the speed of the drummer`s racquet. Overweight accessories include multi-bat swing, dirx debris (96 oz),[5] launcher nightmare,[6] electric fin (14 oz),[7] standard 23 oz softball bat, heavier 26 oz softball bat, lighter 18 oz softball bat, and donut ring (16 oz). [8] [9] [10] Weighted warm-up devices are often used because players feel that warming up with heavier racquets helps them increase club speed because the regular racquet looks lighter after warming up with a heavier racquet and they feel they can swing it faster. [11] The effect of these devices is not only mental, but can also be physical.

High warm-up loads stimulate the neural system and allow for increased muscle activation during lighter bat swings. The use of weighted racquets is based on the theory of complex training, in which heavier and lighter resistances alternate to increase muscle performance. This theory revolves around the idea that muscle contractions are stronger after reaching almost maximum contractions. Post-activation potentiation improves the excitability of the motor neuron pool and increases the number of motor units recruited, resulting in higher power output. The extra weight may also help strengthen the muscles of the forearms and wrist, thereby increasing the bat`s speed,[12] although some evidence suggests that the effect is psychological rather than biomechanical. [13] The hitters differ in their approach to the backrest. Some are aggressive hitters who often swing at the first pitch (since pitchers often try to throw a first pitch strike). Others are patient and try to change the number of pitches to observe all the types of pitches a pitcher will use and tire the pitcher by forcing him to throw many pitches early.

In general, contact hitters are more aggressive and swing on pitches inside the strike zone, while power hitters drop limit strikes to get a pitch they can drive for extra bases. Also, some hitters, usually later in the line, install others to charge the bases. If they pass the chance to the next hitter, they give up the chance to improve their RBI. RBI`s new direct debit guidelines apply to domestic and international recurring transaction payments. Therefore, the direct debit mandate set up on each credit or debit card in the country or abroad will not be processed without additional factor authentication (AFA). For a drummer, an RBI OK is about 250, where 300 is very good. All around 350 is considered excellent. Anything below 250 is considered a bad season.

Contracts are mainly governed by state law and general (judicial) law and private law (i.e. private agreement). Private law essentially includes the terms of the agreement between the parties exchanging promises. This private law may prevail over many of the rules otherwise established by state law. Statutory laws, such as fraud law, may require certain types of contracts to be recorded in writing and executed with certain formalities for the contract to be enforceable. Alternatively, the parties may enter into a binding agreement without signing a formal written document. For example, the Virginia Supreme Court in Lucy v. Zehmer that even an agreement reached on a piece of napkin can be considered a valid contract if the parties were both sound and showed mutual consent and consideration. This requirement for a contract is linked to the intent of each party.

Often, friends and family members come to a vague agreement, but they never intend it to be legally binding, that is, they do not intend that one person can sue the other if someone does not do what they said. This type of agreement is not a valid contract because there is no legal intent. Minors and people who have been found to have mental illness are generally considered unable to make an agreement because they do not know what they are doing. In addition, people who are under the influence of drugs or alcohol cannot enter into a binding contract. The five prerequisites for preparing a valid contract are offer, acceptance, consideration, competence and legal will. The court reads the contract as a whole and according to the ordinary meaning of the words. In general, the meaning of a contract is determined by examining the intentions of the parties at the time the contract is drafted. If the intention of the parties is not clear, the courts consider all the customs and practices of a particular business and location that could help determine intent. In the case of oral contracts, the courts may determine the will of the parties, taking into account the circumstances of the conclusion of the contract and the course of transactions between the parties.

Offer and acceptance analysis is a traditional approach in contract law. It was built in the 19th century. The formula of offer and acceptance has identified a moment of formation in which the parties are of the same opinion, that is, a meeting of spirits. Both parties must enter into the contract voluntarily and must not be forced to do so. The contract must satisfy both the requirement of implied and express legal legality and the legality of the common law. In many cases, state and federal agencies may require more conditions to be met. The agreement alone does not constitute a contract. An agreement is an offer from one party that is accepted by another party. If neither the offer nor acceptance has been made, the contract is not concluded. A minor may enter into a contract for «necessities» (goods or services adapted to the living conditions of a minor). A minor who fails to pay for goods or services can be sued for breach of contract. If the offer is withdrawn or terminated, no contract can be concluded.

An offer can be terminated at any time if: Is a contract valid if it has not been signed by both parties? A written contract must be signed by both parties to be legally enforceable.3 min read For example, Andrew and Ben entered into a contract in which Andrew agreed with Ben to give Carrie a precious diamond. Andrew and Ben both intended Carrie to benefit from Andrew`s promise. Under the doctrine of contract secrecy, Carrie cannot sue Andrew because she is not a party if Andrew does not return the diamond to Carrie for any reason. Ben can sue Andrew for breach of contract, but Ben is only entitled to token damages, as Ben suffered no real loss. This applies to give a third party a legal right to enforce a contract clause if the contract clause is not possible to use a contract to impose an enforceable obligation on someone who is not a party to the contract. However, the grant of an advantage may have a similar effect provided that the third party fulfils a condition. A contract is valid and legally binding as long as the following six essential elements are present: Those who sign the contract and conclude the contract must be competent. This means that they are of legal age to sign a contract; they have the mental capacity to understand what they are signing; And they are not weakened at the time of signing, that is, they are not under the influence of drugs or alcohol. 1. Offer – One of the parties has promised to take or refrain from taking certain actions in the future. 2.

Consideration – Something of value was promised in exchange for the declared action or non-action. This can take the form of a large amount of money or effort, a promise to provide a service, an agreement not to do something, or trust in the promise. Consideration is the value that leads the parties to enter into the contract. Consideration is the value that convinces the parties to enter into a contract. Each party agrees to provide the other party with an object of value in a contract. A contract must contain a valid, comprehensible and concrete offer and the offer must be accepted. The offer and acceptance of the offer should be short but clear enough that there is no room for error. If the acceptance is made by post, the contract is concluded as soon as this step has taken place, and not upon receipt of receipt of the receipt sent.

This is called a mailbox rule. However, the person making the offer may stipulate that it will not be accepted until it has been received. The P.O. Box rule also does not apply if payment is to be attached to the acceptance of the offer. In order to prevent the entire Agreement from becoming unenforceable due to illegality, a standard clause would be added to the severability clause, stating that if and to the extent any provision of the Agreement is held to be illegal, void or unenforceable, that provision shall have no effect and shall be deemed not to be incorporated into the Agreement, but without invalidating any of the remaining provisions of the Agreement. As a general rule, it is not necessary for a contract to be concluded in writing. Although the Fraud Act requires certain types of contracts to be in writing, New Mexico recognizes and enforces oral contracts in certain situations where the Fraud Act does not apply. A valid contract requires sufficient security for the essential conditions. If the parties do not reach agreement on the essential conditions with sufficient certainty, the agreement may be void even if all the other essential elements are present.

The requirements of a contract are consideration, offer and acceptance, legal object, capable parties and mutual consent. 3 min read It is also possible to expressly opt out of such statutory right in these jurisdictions by including a provision as follows: 4. Reciprocity – The parties had a «meeting of the chiefs» regarding the agreement. This means that the parties have understood and agreed on the content and basic terms of the contract. docpro.com/doc1137/relationship-contract-consent-short-term-sexual-open-relationship Offer is the «why» of the contract or what a party does or does not do when signing the contract. For example, in a real estate contract, the seller will offer to sell the property to the buyer at a certain price. The offer must be clearly formulated so that all parties understand what the expectations are. In this example, the property is identified by the address and possibly also by the parcel number of the county assessor, and the price would be clearly stated in the contract.

If the complainant proves that all these elements occurred, he discharges his burden of proving the existence of a contract. In order for a defendant to be able to dispute the existence of the contract, it must provide evidence that adversely affects one or more elements. When a contracting party brings an action for infringement, the judge must first answer the question of whether or not there was a contract between the parties. expressly provides that the third party may enforce a contractual clause; or To give a complete picture of what constitutes a valid contract, this entry covers two important areas of contract law: (A) the essential elements of a contract and (B) the contractual obligation. An agreement between two or more companies to do or not do something in exchange for an object of value constitutes a contract. The entities in question may be individuals, corporations or government agencies. A valid contract is one that meets the conditions and requirements described above. A voidable agreement is one that would normally be valid unless a party lacks legal capacity or otherwise lacks one of the required elements.